增强平衡感的重要年龄段是30到40岁。尽管大多数人50好几之前不会有严重的平衡问题,专家还是建议健康人士经常活动、做一些简单的练习来挑战自身,步履稳健地步入老年。
In the U.S., falls are the leading cause of injury for people over 65, according to a 2005 report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Every 17 seconds, someone in this age group is treated in an emergency room for a fall. Every 30 minutes, one will die from injuries caused by falling.
美国疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)2005年的一项报告显示,在美国,摔倒是导致65岁以上人士受伤的主要原因。每17秒就有一个该年龄段的人因摔倒而去急救室接受治疗。每30分钟就有一个人死于摔倒造成的创伤。
Balance is controlled by the brain's cerebellum, a region of the brain that is responsible for movement and coordination. According to McGill University physiology professor Kathleen Cullen, the cerebellum coordinates information from three systems: the visual, the vestibular (or inner ear) and the proprioceptive (or sense of body position). In addition, it works with the spinal cord to adjust for unexpected information -- for instance, a slippery surface -- and maintain balance.
平衡由小脑控制,这是脑部负责运动和协调的区域。麦吉尔大学(McGill University)生理学教授凯瑟琳・卡伦(Kathleen Cullen)表示,小脑通过三个系统处理信息:视觉系统、前庭系统(或者说内耳)以及本体感受系统(或者说对身体姿势的感知)。另外,小脑还与脊髓相配合来应对意外情况──比如光滑的地面──并保持平衡。
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