In response to this ‘white elephant’ problem, a South African union proposed turning one unprofitable stadium into low-income housing, while in the Brazilian city of Manaus, a judge has suggested converting a new local stadium into a prison after the tournament.
在另一篇名为《举办世界杯,观众将来自何方?》(If you host it, where will they come from?)的报告中,斯茨曼斯基和联席作者发现,在南非2010年世界杯赛事期间,到访的非邻国游客为20万出头,而当年到访南非的非邻国游客接近50万,分别增长8.1%和18.7%。
Still, there are some clear benefits to holding a World Cup. In a recent study titled, “The private benefit of public funding,” University of Michigan sport management professor Stefan Szymanskiand co-author Bastien Drut found that soccer teams in countries that hosted World Cups saw an increase in attendance of 15-25% in the five years afterwards; the authors estimated that clubs in Brazil would see increased revenues of at least $182 million in the five seasons after the 2017 games.
世界杯也会给个人带来利益。在一篇于世界杯过后发表的报告中,南非政府声称,体育场建设带来了6.6万个工作岗位,创造了9亿多美元的工资收入。
In another recent report titled “If you host it, where will they come from?” Szymanski and his co-authors found that the 2010 World Cup in South Africa attracted a little over 200,000 extra visitors from non-neighboring countries during the tournament, and almost 500,000 during the year, increases of 8.1% and 18.7% respectively.
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