在心理学术语中,自恋和马基雅维利主义以及精神变态合称为“暗黑三合一“。哈佛医学院的临床心理学家及导师克雷格·马尔金博士把自恋定义为“感觉特别的内在驱动“。也许有人要问,如果适度自恋,又有什么问题呢?
If you are a nine or a ten on the Malkin scale, you're basically mentally ill. You have convinced yourself you're special, despite much evidence to the contrary. Whereas if you're a five, you have a good dose of what Dr Malkin calls 'healthy narcissism'. And if you are a zero or a one, you have a narcissism deficit. He then discusses where it all comes from - nurture rather than nature, for narcissist parents can wreak havoc on future generations. Most usefully of all, he gives five telltale signs to help you spot the narcissist in your midst.
如果你的马尔金等级是九至十,你基本属于精神有疾。你确信自己很特别,尽管事实上大相径庭。然而,若你的等级是五,你就是马尔金博士所称的”健康的自恋“。如果等级零或者一,那你根本就不自恋。马尔金接着讨论自恋从何而来,后天所致还是与生俱来,因为自恋的家长对后代颇具杀伤力。最为实用的在于马尔金会告诉你五大隐形迹象,教你鉴别身边的自恋者。
Sign one is Displaying Emotion Phobia. Human interaction poses a scary problem for narcissists who are, deep down, extraordinarily insecure people. They shore up their self-confidence by imagining they are perfectly self-sufficient and impervious to other people's feelings. Sign two is Playing Emotional Hot Potato. Narcissists avoid their own horrible feelings by passing them on to others. They actually coerce you into experiencing the emotions they're trying to ignore in the first place.
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