The secretary-general further stated that the conflict has become "a battleground for proxy wars," with regional and international actors taking part.
"More than ever, our aim is to see a united and democratic Syria, to avoid irreparable sectarianism, and to ensure full respect for Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and to enable the Syrian people to freely decide on the country's future," the UN chief told the 15 ambassadors.
Moving on to Yemen, the UN chief highlighted recent efforts by his special envoy, Martin Griffiths, to avoid an escalation in violence.
He also spoke of UN engagement in Libya, including support for a national dialogue process that has revealed citizens' deep longing for peace and to exit the period of transitional governance.
The secretary-general also praised Iraq's "resilience" in recent years, citing victory over the extremist group, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or Da'esh), as an example of how the nation has overcome the risk of fragmentation.
"Iraq's endurance as a stable, federal state is a testament to the enormous sacrifices of the Iraqi people, from all communities," he said. "And I strongly hope that the Iraqi institutions will be able to ensure an adequate conclusion of the electoral process able in a way that fully respects the will of the Iraqi people."
Lebanon also was praised for its respect for diversity. The secretary-general said he looked forward to the formation of a new government there, following peaceful parliamentary elections last month -- the first in nearly a decade.
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