“Oh! This is very bad, said the judge, and added consolingly: “This could not happen in this country. “Oh yes it can! shouted G?del, “I can prove it. Whereupon Einstein, Morgenstern and the judge hastily shut him up, and the hearing concluded. That’s because these tests require only memorised factual answers. Any deeper knowledge creates trouble.
法官表示,“哦,这可太不幸了。然后如释重负地表示:“这种情况不可能会发生在美国。“不对,美国有可能发生,哥德尔喊了出来,“我可以证明这一点!法官、爱因斯坦所和摩根斯坦都赶紧让他闭嘴,听证会就此结束。这是因为,应对这类考试只需要背诵事实型答案。更深入的知识会招来麻烦。
And even a modest factual test is probably pointless. It would be nice to live in a polis where all citizens have some familiarity with the Magna Carta, but we never will. To be a citizen, it doesn’t matter what you know, or what crazy stuff you have in your head. If you believe homosexuals are infidels, that’s fine. In a democracy you can believe what you like. You just can’t act on certain beliefs.
即便是考察对事实了解程度的难度不大的考试,也很可能毫无意义。要是能生活在每名公民都对《大宪章》有所了解的城邦里,将是一件很理想的事,但我们永远也办不到。要成为一名公民,无论你了解多少知识,或者你心里装了哪些疯狂的想法,这都不要紧。如果你认为同性恋者是异教徒,那也没关系。在民主国家里,你有信仰的自由。你只是不可以依照某些信仰去行事。
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