ZestFinance成立于2009年,从2010年开始自己为客户提供贷款,并审批合作伙伴的贷款。在美国,ZestFinance一直专注在分期贷款的风险分析上。对于发薪日贷款,分期贷款是一个成本较低的选择。其借款人来自次级贷款市场,通常以前都在信用上遭遇过问题,比如个人破产。
In China, JD.com had a very different assignment for ZestFinance, using different data sourcesthan in America. Only 20 percent of Chinese adults have a credit score, and they often aregiven credit through the People’s Bank of China, the nation’s central bank, and throughaffiliations with large state-owned corporations.
在中国,京东交给ZestFinance的任务则大不相同,而且使用的数据源也有异于美国。在中国成年人中,只有20%拥有信用评分。他们获得信用的途径往往是通过央行中国人民银行,或是与大型国有企业之间的关系。
Across the broader population, lending tends to be more personal and informal — cash loansfrom networks of friends and relatives.
在更多的中国民众那里,贷款往往具有更加个人化的非正式性质——从亲戚朋友那里借钱。
But China’s leaders are seeking to stimulate consumer spending to make its economy lessdependent on industrial exports. Expanding consumer credit is part of the formula, and thegovernment is allowing private companies, like JD.com, to innovate.
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