No dopes
禁止服用兴奋剂
The reason is that EPO, like most performance-enhancing drugs, is banned. However, bans work only when they are enforced, and that requires a test which can distinguish synthetic EPO from the natural hormone made by an athlete’s body. At the moment, this is possible. The EPO from a biotechnology company’s vats has a slightly different chemical structure from the natural sort. But the evidence suggests that EPO produced as a result of gene therapy will be far harder to distinguish.
这是因为EPO和其它许多兴奋剂一样是违禁药品。但是,禁令只有执行以后才生效,这就要求进行兴奋剂的检测。通过检测人们能把合成的EPO与运动员自身产生的天然荷尔蒙区别开。目前人们能做到这一点。生物技术公司制造的EPO与天然的EPO在化学结构上有一些细微的差别。但是,有证据表明通过基因疗法生产的EPO很难与天然的EP 区别开来。
In fact, EPO doping may already have happened. In 2006, during the trial of Thomas Springstein, a German coach accused of doping his underage charges, it transpired that Repoxygen, an experimental gene-therapy product containing the gene for EPO, was already making the rounds on the black market. Repoxygen causes a controlled release of EPO, but only when the body senses a lack of oxygen. Or at least it does so in mice.
实际上,服用EPO兴奋剂的事件可能已经发生过。在2006年审判托马斯•斯普林斯廷(一名德国教练,被控让由他负责的未成年人运动员服用兴奋剂)的案件中,人们就知道兴奋剂Repoxygen(一种含有EPO基因的处于试验阶段的基因疗法产品,)已经流入黑市。兴奋剂Repoxygen能可控释放EPO,但这仅仅是在身体缺氧的时候,至少对于老鼠来说情况是这样的。
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