Our pupils, the black holes which let light into the eyes, don't just help us see, they also signal what's going on in our minds.
瞳孔,那个控制光亮入眼的小黑洞,不仅能帮助我们看见世界,还同样能反映出心理活动。
Here are 10 pieces of psychological research which show how changes in pupil size reveal many aspects of thought.
心理学研究列出了10项瞳孔变化与心理活动的关系。
1. I'm thinking hard
1.我在努力思考
Look into my eyes and ask me to name the cigar-smoking founder of psychoanalysis and you won't see much change in my pupil size. The name Sigmund Freud comes easily to my lips.
假如你盯着我的眼睛问道:那个爱抽雪茄的心理分析奠基人叫啥?我会不假思索地答道:弗洛伊德。与此同时,我的瞳孔和先前相比,不会有太大变化。
But ask me to explain the laws of cricket and watch my pupils expand.
但假如你问的是:板球规则是什么?与此同时,你会看到:我的瞳孔扩大了。
That's because research has shown that the harder your brain works, the more your pupils dilate. When Hess and Polt gave participants more and more difficult tasks to complete, their pupils got bigger and bigger.
这是因为:研究表明,当人思考得越努力,瞳孔就会变得越大。当Hess和Polt(译注:1960年研究瞳孔大小与心智历程的两位主要研究者)接连给出受试者越来越难的任务时,他们观察到,受试者的瞳孔变得越来越大了。
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