"People are getting to this place of understanding that their lifestyle choices actually do matter a whole lot," he says, "as opposed to this notion that you live your life come what may and hope for a pill."
As we learn more about the brain's ability to maintain or even gain strength as we age, Perlmutter believes, diet overhauls could become all the more valuable.
"Lifestyle changes can have profound effects later in life," he says. "I'm watching people who'd already started to forget why they walked into a room change and reverse this. We have this incredible ability to grow back new brain cells. The brain can regenerate itself, if we give it what it needs."
What it needs most of all, Perlmutter says, is "wonderful fat." There's no room in anyone's diet for modified fats or trans fats, he says, but a diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil, grass-fed beef and wild fish provides "life-sustaining fat that modern American diets are so desperate for."
Too few of us understand there's "a big difference between eating fat and being fat," he says. People who eat more fat tend to consume fewer carbs. As a result, they produce less insulin and store less fat in their bodies.
Changing minds, however, is an uphill climb. "The idea that grains are good for you seems to get so much play," he says. "But grains are categorically not good for you," not even whole grains.
"We like to think a whole-grain bagel and orange juice makes for the perfect breakfast," Perlmutter continues. "But that bagel has 400 calories, almost completely carbohydrates with gluten. And the hidden source of carbs in this picture is that 12-ounce glass of fresh-squeezed orange juice. It has nine full teaspoons of pure sugar, the same as a can of Coke. It's doing a service with Vitamin C, but you've already gotten 72 grams of carbs.
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