Medical schools, meanwhile, are teaching doctors to be more receptive to patient input and avoid 'anchoring,' the habit of focusing on one diagnosis and excluding other possible scenarios, and 'premature closure,' not even considering the correct diagnosis as a possibility.
与此同时,医学院也在教导医生们更加虚心听取病人的意见并避免“锚定”,即习惯集中在一种诊断上,不考虑其他可能的情形,还要避免“过早下结论”,即根本不把正确诊断作为一种可能性进行考虑。
The Critical Thinking program at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, established last year, aims to help trainees step back and examine how biases may affect their thinking. Developed by Pat Croskerry, a physician known for his research on the role of cognitive error in diagnosis, it uses a list of 50 different types of bias that may lead to diagnostic error.
加拿大新斯科舍省哈利法克斯(Halifax)的达尔豪斯大学(Dalhousie University)去年创立了批判性思考项目。该项目旨在帮助学员退一步思考,审视偏误会对自己的思维有何影响。该项目由帕特・克罗斯克里(Pat Croskerry)开发,他是一名以研究诊断过程中认知错误的影响而闻名的医师。项目列出了50种不同种类可能导致诊断失误的偏误。
The program is being integrated throughout four years of the medical school. Students study cases such as a psychiatric patient with shortness of breath who was assumed to be merely having an anxiety attack; doctors overlooked that she was a smoker on birth-control pills, a risk for the blood clot that later traveled to her lung and killed her.
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