这意味着巴西利亚既是尼迈耶最伟大的成就,也是他问题最严重的作品。这座人造首都的建筑宏伟壮观,但却几乎没人想在它那毫无生气的街道上漫步。政界人士在结束工作后往往立即离开巴西利亚,回到那些不太美观、却更富有生气的巴西城市。
Much of the problem lies in the city’s basic conception. Separate capital cities limit the political influence of existing urban areas. Brasília diminished former capital Rio de Janeiro’s one-time dominance of Brazilian politics, just as the construction of Washington made sure that neither New York nor Philadelphia would dominate the US. Yet cities thrive by connecting different people and one-industry towns tend to become stale quickly.
巴西利亚的主要问题在于其基本设计理念。单独设立的政治首都限制了现有城市区域的政治影响力。巴西利亚削弱了前首都里约热内卢对于巴西政治一度有过的主导影响力,而华盛顿的建立则确保了美国政治不会被纽约或费城所支配。然而,城市繁荣靠的是将不同的社会群体汇聚起来,功能单一的城市很容易陷入沉闷。
Niemeyer’s defenders, including Ricky Burdett, the urban studies scholar, argue that Niemeyer deserves credit for focusing on infrastructure investment, something that so many developing cities still need to do. Others optimistically argue that Brasília may still become a great city, in a century or so.
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