“搬家寻找新机会项目旨在提高人们的受教育程度和收入水平,它为母亲及其孩子提供了一些途径来获得更舒适的住房、更优质的学校、更好的工作机会及社交网络。然而,在这些方面,这些举措基本没有收到预期的效果。项目参与者的确搬进了条件更好的房子及安全性更高的社区,但他们在经济与教育方面的获益甚微。
But the program nonetheless had a pronounced effect on families' lives, researchers found. Participants had significantly lower rates of diabetes, extreme obesity, anxiety and stress than those who stayed behind. They were also much happier with their lives overall -- something researchers said was particularly important.
尽管如此,研究人员发现,该项目在改善家庭成员生活状况方面却效果显著。与留在原处未搬迁的家庭相比,项目参与者中患有糖尿并极端肥胖与焦虑症的人数比例大幅下滑。不仅如此,搬迁的家庭对生活总体上也感到更为满意──研究人员称,这一点至关重要。
'We don't see very important neighborhood effects on those two outcomes that people have focused on,' said University of Chicago economist Jens Ludwig, the study's lead author. 'But the things that people had been focused on and worried about with neighborhoods aren't the full story. Helping poor families is about a lot more than just increasing their income.'
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