中国作为制造业投资首选地的魅力下降_时事

中国作为制造业投资首选地的魅力下降

去年，印尼只吸引到56个项目——为中国的六分之一——但项目总价值却高达120亿美元左右。过去五年里，印尼作为制造业国家的表现很突出，吸引到的资本投资额为550亿美元，排在第五位。2014年秋，总部位于荷兰的VI Holding通过子公司、铝材生产商Vimetco表示，打算投资10亿美元在加里曼丹建立一家氧化铝冶炼厂。该公司还宣布，打算通过与当地一个合作伙伴组建合资企业，投资5亿美元在印尼建立一家镍铁冶炼厂。2014年底，另一家铝材生产商、中国山东富海集团(Shandong Fuhai Group)表示，将与鞍钢集团(AnsteelGroup)共同投资12亿美元，在乌戎嘉翁(Ujung Jabung)开发一个工业园区和基础设施。该项目包括一个预计年产能达175万吨的钢厂，产品主要供应印尼国内市场。这些都是近来一些较为大手笔的投资的例子。

An analysis of manufacturing costs byfDi Benchmark, a location assessment data serviceowned by the FT, reveals that Indonesia’s success could be at least in part cost-driven.Combining compound labour costs for a hypothetical aerospace manufacturing facility, thestudy shows costs in Indonesia declining 5 per cent since 2010. Costs in China, in contrast,have increased nearly 16 per cent, against a nearly 4 per cent rise in Vietnam and 3 per cent inMexico. Thailand has experienced a notable cost inflation of more than 10 per cent, althoughthis does not appear yet to be hurting its attractiveness for manufacturing projects: thecountry continues to rank comfortably within the top ten locations.