Shakespeare played a critical role in shaping modern English and helping to make it the world's language. The first major dictionary compiled by Samuel Johnson drew on Shakespeare more than any other writer. Three thousand new words and phrases all first appeared in print in Shakespeare's plays. I remember from my own childhood how many of them are found for the first time in Henry V. Words like dishearten, divest, addiction, motionless, leapfrog – and phrases like “once more unto the breach, “band of brothers and “heart of gold – have all passed into our language today with no need to reference their original context. Shakespeare also pioneered innovative use of grammatical form and structure – including verse without rhymes, superlatives and the connecting of existing words to make new words, like bloodstained – while the pre-eminence of his plays also did much to standardise spelling and grammar.
莎翁在构建现代英语,使之成为全球通用语方面发挥了关键作用。塞缪尔·约翰逊编纂的《英语大辞典》中引用莎翁的句子,比其他作家都多。莎翁剧本中创造的英语新词、新短语多达三千。历史剧《亨利五世》中不少第一次出现的词,如dishearten、divest、addiction、 motionless和leapfrog,以及短语,如 once more unto the breach、band of brothers和heart of gold,都沿用至今,成了耳熟能详的词汇。他在语法形式和结构方面亦有创新,如无韵诗、最高级和组合现有词汇形成新词方面(如bloodstained),而他的一些杰出剧作也对拼写和语法的标准化发挥了作用。
【英国首相撰文:永恒的莎士比亚】相关文章:
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