"IF Thomas Crapper were around today, he would find our toilets quite familiar," says Bill Gates, referring to the Victorian manufacturer of sanitary ware whose name has become attached to one of the body's most fundamental functions. "They haven't seen many advances apart from handles and paper toilet rolls." In fact, with the exception of S-traps to contain odours, flush toilets have changed little since Sir John Harington installed one in Richmond Palace for Queen Elizabeth I.
比尔盖茨提起卫生洁具制造商维多利亚时说道:"如果今天汤马斯·克拉普在这里,他一定会发现我们的马桶很熟悉。"一谈起维多利亚时代汤马斯·克拉普这个名字,就很容易联想到身体的最基本功能之一。比尔盖茨还谈到:"与汤马斯·克拉普时代相比,这些马桶除了在把手和厕纸卷筒上有所改进,其他并没有太多改进。"事实上,除了应用s形下水管存水弯存储臭气,抽水马桶自约翰·哈灵顿爵士为女王伊丽莎白一世在里士满宫安装了抽水马桶起几乎未发生改变。
Mr Gates considers it time for a change. On August 14th his charitable institution, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, announced the gold-, silver- and bronze-medal winners in its Reinvent The Toilet Challenge, which aims to bring safe, affordable and "sustainable" loos to the 40% of the world's population who lack access to basic sanitation, thus preventing many of the 1.5m childhood deaths from diarrhoea that now occur each year.
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