好消息是,虽然在很多国家两性差距依然很大,但在世界大多数地区,这一差距正在缩小。接受调查的国家中,超过80%的国家成功缩小了性别差距。在很多国家,教育和健康方面的差距已接近消失。坏消息是,即使在很多发达国家,两性在经济和政治参与方面还存在很大差距。按照当前的变化速度,女性要到80年后才能在这些方面获得完全的平等。这不仅对几代女性来说是一个被浪费的巨大机遇,对于她们的家庭、社会以及整个世界来说都是如此。
To be sure, gender gaps vary enormously among nations. We find that the highest ranking country in the world – Iceland – has closed over 87 per cent of its overall gender gap. By contrast, the lowest ranking country – Yemen – has closed only 51 per cent of this gap.
应当指出的是,各国之间性别差距各不相同。我们发现,在排名最高的国家——冰岛,两性的整体差距已经弥合了87%。与此形成对比的是,在排名最低的也门,性别差距只缩小了51%。
Education is a success story for most of the world and progress is not limited to wealthy countries. Globally, we estimate that 93 per cent of the gender gap in schooling has now disappeared. In 12 countries, including Lesotho and the United Arab Emirates, the literacy rate for women is actually higher than that for men. In 35 countries, girls are more likely than boys to be enrolled in primary education. In 68 countries, more girls than boys are enrolled in secondary education. At the university level, 69 countries have more women enrolled than men.
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