这一新局面使北京陷入两难:随着中国变得日益强大,北京方面是否应该遵守所谓的“国际法?或者如印度评论家潘卡吉·米什拉(Pankaj Mishra)所说的那样,中国不愿成为其他国家制定的全球秩序的利益相关者,它的这种想法是否合理?在实践当中,北京更愿意搞双边对话而非多边对话。一个办法就是实行中国版的“门罗主义——门罗主义指当年美国人禁止欧洲人染指拉丁美洲。米什拉辩称,与美国不同,中国缺乏传教的冲动,它从不寻求将儒家或共产主义思想强加给其他国家。然而,中国的邻国不太可能相信北京方面的善意。越南、菲律宾、日本和印度全都因为中国崛起而向美国靠拢。美国政府已经承诺将美国60%的海上力量部署在太平洋地区,但是即便如此,“美国治下的和平还是变得一年比一年更难维持。
What could replace it? In a recent speech in Singapore, Kevin Rudd, the former Australian prime minister, proposed an Asian-based system that he called Pax Pacifica. Its core objective would be to avoid regional instability and prevent war between China and the US. Its starting point would be that Washington accepts the legitimacy of China’s rise and Beijing accepts the US’s continued regional presence. Asean nations would play a central role to ensure it was not simply a US-Sino carve-up.
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