This singular mental ability, researchers have found, predicts success both in school and in work life.
研究人员发现,无论是在学校还是工作生活中,拥有这种非凡的精神能力往往就预示着成功。
Cognitive control increases from about 4 to 12 years old, then plateaus, said Betty J. Casey, director of the Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology at Weill Cornell Medical College. Teenagers find it difficult to suppress their impulses, as any parent knows.
认知控制能力从4至12岁左右开始逐渐增强,然后就进入了平台期,威尔康奈尔医学院萨克勒发展心理生理学研究所(Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology at Weill Cornell Medical College)的所长贝蒂·J·凯茜(Betty J. Casey)说。天下的父母都有这样的共识:青少年总是很难压抑自己的冲动。
But impulsivity peaks around age 16, Dr. Casey noted, and in their 20s most people achieve adult levels of cognitive control. Among healthy adults, it begins to wane noticeably in the 70s or 80s, often manifesting as an inability to remember names or words, because of distractions that the mind once would have suppressed.
但是,凯茜博士指出,冲动水平在16岁左右会达到顶峰,大多数人在20多岁的时候对认知控制都达到了成年人的水平。在健康成年人中,认知控制能力在七八十岁时会开始明显减弱,通常体现为无法记住名字或单词,这是因为他们已经不再能抑制自己的分心了。
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