一半人用英语、另一半人用第二语言西班牙语参与实验。对于日落、鼓掌、沙子和跑步上台阶,用英文的人比用西班牙语的人报告更强烈的感觉。但两组对咽喉疼痛的感觉差别不大,对油漆或盐的感觉毫无差别。
The Chicago team thought people had more vivid images in their native English because they were more likely to tap into their memories than if they did the thinking in another language. That the smell and taste images were as sharp in Spanish may have been because the English speakers had “rich associations of flavourful Mediterranean cuisine”. Generally, however, “the use of a foreign language reduces vividness because it limits access to?.?.?.?memories”.
芝加哥大学的研究小组认为,用母语英语参与实验的人脑海中的影像更清晰的原因是,比起使用另一种语言,他们更有可能调动自己的记忆。而使用西班牙语的人对于嗅觉和味觉的影像同样清晰,是因为以英语为母语的人“对浓味的地中海美食有丰富的联想”。不过,总的来说,“使用外语会降低脑海中影像的清晰度,因为它限制了人们调动记忆的能力。”
The authors concede that “other potential explanations are possible”. However, they did argue in an earlier paper that “a foreign language provides a distancing mechanism that moves people from the immediate intuitive system to a more deliberate mode of thinking”.
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