这个结果没有让芝加哥大学的老师们感到意外。有关语言对这个“铁轨困境”的影响,他们对以英语、韩语、西班牙语、法语、希伯来语、德语和意大利语为母语的人进行过数次实验,得到了类似的结果。
The question the Chicago team tried to answer in the Cognition study was why the change happens when people decide in another language.
在《认知》期刊发表的研究报告中,芝加哥大学研究团队试图回答的问题是,当人们用另一种语言作决定时,为什么会有变化。
Their hypothesis was that we visualise people and objects more sharply in our native tongue and this affects our decision-making. In particular, when thinking in our own language, we can clearly picture the large man and are reluctant to push him to his death.
他们的假设是,当使用母语时,人和物体在我们大脑中形成的影像更加清晰,这影响了我们的决策。具体而言,当用母语思考时,我们的脑海中会清晰地浮现这个身型硕大男子的影像,因而不愿将他置于死地。
To test this, the 800 German speakers were asked to rate the vividness of their images of the large man and the five people on the tracks. Those doing the experiment in German reported having a clearer picture of the man than those doing it in English. There was no difference between the vividness of the images of the five other people on the track.
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