2) 词类转换
由于英汉两种语言的表达习惯不同,在翻译时有时需要进行词类转换。在英译汉实践中,词义引申或词类转换是常见现象。比如: outside the area of moral choice可译为无须考虑道德问题extremists of this kind可译为这类人持极端看法。在这两个例子中,英文中的介词和名词在翻译过程中变成了动词。
词类可根据词语在上下文中所起的作用进行转换,也可根据汉语表达习惯的要求进行转换,在实际操作中须变通处理、灵活掌握。下面提供词类转换的部分实例,请考生多加体会。
考研真题实例:
名词转动词
Robots have found application for the exploration of the outer space.
名词转形容词
He is a stranger to the operation of the helicopter.
动词转名词
The university aims at the first rate of the world.
形容词转名词
The Internet is different from traditional media in that it sends and receives information faster.
形容词转动词
Success is dependent on his efforts.
形容词转副词
The pictures give a visual representation of the situation.
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