Second, inadequate global economic governance makes it difficult to adapt to new developments in the global economy. Madame Christine Lagarde recently told me that emerging markets and developing countries already contribute to 80% of the growth of the global economy. The global economic landscape has changed profoundly in the past few decades. However, the global governance system has not embraced those new changes and is therefore inadequate in terms of representation and inclusiveness. The global industrial landscape is changing and new industrial chains, value chains and supply chains are taking shape. However, trade and investment rules have not kept pace with these developments, resulting in acute problems such as closed mechanisms and fragmentation of rules. The global financial market needs to be more resilient against risks, but the global financial governance mechanism fails to meet the new requirement and is thus unable to effectively resolve problems such as frequent international financial market volatility and the build-up of asset bubbles.
三是全球发展失衡,难以满足人们对美好生活的期待。施瓦布先生在《第四次工业革命》一书中写道,第四次工业革命将产生极其广泛而深远的影响,包括会加剧不平等,特别是有可能扩大资本回报和劳动力回报的差距。全球最富有的1%人口拥有的财富量超过其余99%人口财富的总和,收入分配不平等、发展空间不平衡令人担忧。全球仍然有7亿多人口生活在极端贫困之中。对很多家庭而言,拥有温暖住房、充足食物、稳定工作还是一种奢望。这是当今世界面临的最大挑战,也是一些国家社会动荡的重要原因。
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