1. Include payment terms in a written contract up front

1. 事先把支付条款写入书面合同

If you're getting most of your assignments from friends, maybe you aren't formalizing contracts in writing, but you should. (Freelancers Union's web site has a free customizable contract you can use.) "Negotiate a time limit. If their policy is 90 days and yours is 30, maybe you can agree on 60, " says Horowitz. "The contract can also specify a late fee, usually a percentage of the total amount."

如果你大部分工作都来自朋友，那你可能没有正式的书面合同。但是，你的确应该把合同正式化。（你可以免费使用自由职业者联盟网站上的定制版合同。）霍洛维兹指出：“商定一个期限。如果客户的付款期限是90天，而你的期限是30天，则可以把期限商定为60天。此外，合同还可以明确占总费用一定比例的滞纳金。”

2. Get a portion paid before the project is finished

2. 要求在项目完成前获得部分款项

To help even out your cash flow, and since you're committing your time and effort in advance, Horowitz recommends charging some "earnest money" when the contract is signed, or payable at an agreed upon point in the project -- say, when the work is half complete. Not only are partial payments often more digestible for clients, but they give you an early warning that you may be wasting your time on a deadbeat: If you don't see a check at the halfway mark (if that was the deal), are you sure you want to finish the job?

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