The UK is out of recession but an important question remains: when better times return will everyone share in them? It is possible that Britain, like other advanced economies, could experience sustained growth that fails to improve living standards for swaths of the working population. Growth does not always raise wages – certainly not for all.
英国已走出衰退,但一个重要的问题仍然存在:当更好的光景回归时,是否所有人都会分享?与其他发达经济体一样,英国可能在经历持续增长的同时,无法改善大批工作人口的生活水平。增长不总是会带来加薪,至少不会让所有人都加薪。
In the US, wage stagnation has been a problem for a generation. The UK experience of it is more recent. In the years before the financial crisis, real wages did not rise and family incomes were only propped up by tax credits. If the recovery sees a return to this pattern, it will be a joyless one for much of Britain.
在美国,薪资停滞已经是一代人的问题。英国出现这一问题的时间更近一些。在此次金融危机之前的几年里,实际薪资没有上涨,家庭收入只是得到税收减免的支持。如果复苏回到了这种模式,那么对于很多英国人而言,这场复苏不会让他们感到高兴。
During the next decade, structural factors will make it even less likely that growth will be broadly shared among the population. Technology will increase high- and low-skill jobs, creating a more polarised labour market. Unemployment is having an unprecedented effect on wage growth: earnings have been frozen and will remain so until employers compete for workers, rather than the other way around. State support for low-income families is set to fall. Female employment, a motor of prosperity for low- and middle-income families in the late 20th century, has stalled. Britain also needs to do more to accommodate the older worker – the number in employment has risen but not as quickly as in other advanced economies.
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