Xin Meng, an expert on China's labor market at Australian National University, calculates that most rural migrants spend only seven years away from the farm. They arrive in the city in their late teens and return to the country aged around 25 to raise children. Of the 380 million-strong rural population aged 16-40, just 100 million are working in the cities.
澳大利亚国立大学(Australian National University)中国劳动力市场问题专家孟昕的统计显示,大多数农民工离开农村的时间只有七年。他们在不到20岁的时候来到城市,25岁左右回到农村生儿育女。在3.8亿16岁到40岁的青壮年农村人口中,仅有1亿人在城市工作。
To see why, look no further than discriminatory policies that deny rural migrants and their families access to the benefits of city life. Ms. Xin's survey work shows that in 2011, 13% of migrant workers had unemployment insurance, and 20% health coverage, compared with 66% and 87% for urban residents. The destruction of schools for migrant children in Beijing in 2011 shows how welcome migrants' families are in China's major cities.
让农民工及其家人无法享有城市生活便利的原因就在于歧视性政策。孟昕的调查显示,2011年,拥有失业保险的民工比例为13%,拥有医疗保险的民工比例为20%,相比之下,在城市人口中,这两个比例分别是66%和87%。2011年发生农民工子弟学校被拆的事件,农民工家庭在中国大城市受到的待遇由此可见一斑。
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