The gap between the growth of the economy and the growth of median household incomes isexplained by a patchwork of factors, including a change in the nature of householdsthemselves, with more income being diverted to healthcare costs, and an increasing share ofincome accruing to the highest earners. In short, perhaps progress towards the 15-hour workweek has stalled because the typical US household’s income has stalled too. Householdincomes started to stagnate at the same time as the work week stopped shrinking.
一些形形色色的因素可以解释经济增速与家庭收入中值增速之间的差距,包括家庭本身性质的变化,更多收入转向医疗成本,收入最高者在总收入中所占份额越来越高。简言之,朝着每周15小时工作制发展的过程之所以停滞,或许是因为美国典型家庭的收入也陷入停滞。家庭收入开始停滞的同时,每周工作时间停止缩短。
This idea makes good sense but it does not explain what is happening to higher earners. Sincetheir incomes have not stagnated — far from it — one might expect them to be taking some ofthe benefits of very high hourly earnings in the form of shorter days and longer weekends. Notso. According to research published by economists Mark Aguiar and Erik Hurst in 2006 — a nicesnapshot of life before the great recession — higher earners were enjoying less leisure.
这种看法很有道理,但它没有解释收入较高者的行为是怎么回事。既然他们的收入并没有停滞(远非如此),因此人们可能会预测,他们会以减少工作时间和延长周末的形式,享受高薪所带来的实惠。实情并非如此。根据经济学家马克•阿吉亚尔(Mark Aguiar)和埃里克•赫斯特(Erik Hurst) 2006年发表的一项研究,收入更高者享受的空闲时间减少。该研究是对“大衰退之前生活的精彩“快照。
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