That’s not to wish genuine hardship on any American worker, given that a setback for a poor or working-class person can lead to bankruptcy, hunger or worse. But for those who do find themselves miserable at work, it’s an important reminder that the smoothest life paths sometimes fail to teach us about what really brings us satisfaction day to day. A core goal of capitalism is evaluating and putting a price on risk. In our professional lives, we hedge against misfortune by taking out insurance policies in the form of fancy degrees, saving against rainy days by pursuing careers that promise stability. Nowadays, however, stability is increasingly scarce, and risk is harder to measure. Many of our insurance policies have turned out to be worth as much as Enron.
这不是在说我希望任何美国工人陷入真正的困境,因为穷人或工人阶级一旦遭遇挫折,很可能会导致破产、饥饿或更糟的事情。但对于那些感觉在工作中很痛苦的人来说,这是一个重要的提示:一帆风顺的人生道路有时并不能教会我们,什么才是每天都能带来真正满足感的东西。资本主义的一个核心目标是对风险进行评估和定价。在职业生涯中,我们以高学历作为投保,从而对冲遭遇不幸的风险;我们追求稳定的职业,以此未雨绸缪。然而,到了今天,稳定已经越来越稀缺,风险变得更难衡量。我们的许多保单最终被证明并不比安然公司更值钱。
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