Specialist skills are in high demand, particularly in fast-growing economies. McKinsey reports that the number of highly educated workers needed by 2020 in China and Brazil could exceed supply (by 23m, in China’s case). Attempts to fill these gaps could create a generation of narrow experts. It will fall to companies to improve their staff’s breadth of knowledge through training, while workers will have to be as adaptable as possible.
专业技术人员需求量巨大,尤其是在快速增长的经济体中。麦肯锡(McKinsey)报告称,到2020年,中国和巴西教育程度高的工人将供不应求(以中国为例,需求量为2300万)。填补缺口的努力可能打造出一代技能单一的熟练工。一方面,企业有义务展开培训,拓展工人的知识面,另一方面,工人们也必须尽可能地提高自身的适应性。
To respond to these contradictory pressures, big employers need to know what skills are required for the future and whether the experts who can help reach those goals already work for the company.
为应对上述相互矛盾的压力,大型雇主必须知道未来需要什么样的技能、现有的专家能否帮助实现这些目标。
Alcatel-Lucent, for instance, has an internal job market to ensure the telecoms equipment group capitalises on employees’ existing skills. Such initiatives help retain staff and cut the cost and risk of recruiting externally. But it is easier to put specialists on the front line and give them the flexibility to work across different disciplines than it is to find senior managers who strike the perfect balance of breadth and depth.
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