Older stress-management programs like teaching employees to close their eyes and count backward from 10, or holding 'self-guided group therapy' sessions to vent 'were naive and didn't work very well,' says Kenneth R. Pelletier, director of the Corporate Health Improvement Program at the University of Arizona College of Medicine.
亚利桑那大学医学院(University of Arizona College of Medicine)企业员工健康改善项目的主任佩里提埃(Kenneth R. Pelletier)说,更早的压力管理项目是通过让训练者闭上眼睛,倒着从10数数,或是举行自助团体疗法的活动来减轻压力,这些方法很幼稚,效果不是很好。
Another emerging tactic involves training employees in cognitive-behavioral skills, or the ability to screen out negative thoughts and focus on hopeful or positive aspects. In a 2010 study in Brain Imaging and Behavior, swimmers watched videos of themselves failing in Olympic races. Then, they were coached to regard the failure as a learning opportunity. Brain imaging of participants before and after the coaching showed a decrease in activity in regions linked to sadness, and greater activity in brain areas that help regulate emotion.
另一种新近开始被采用的策略是训练员工进行有意识的行为,也就是过滤掉消极想法、并专注于充满希望或是积极方面的能力。在一项于2010年进行的关于脑成像和行为的研究中,游泳运动员观看了自己在奥运比赛中失利的视频。然后,他们被训练把失败看作是一个学习的机会。参与者在接受训练之前和之后的脑成像显示,接受训练后,大脑中与悲伤有关的区域的活动减弱,帮助管理情绪的区域活动增强。
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