还有研究者认为造成阅读障碍的原因可以分为外部原因和内部原因两大类。
Other researchers believe that the causes of dyslexia can be divided into external causes and internal causes.
(一)外部原因
(1) External causes
1、交际性情绪剥夺。交际性情绪剥夺是指在儿童所处的环境中,缺乏儿童习得语言所必需的适当刺激,因而使儿童不能掌握阅读所必需的语言技能。例如,在母子关系方面,如果母亲因为对儿童漠不关心、态度冷淡而缺乏同儿童进行言语交谈,或者由于母亲情绪低落、脾气乖张而动辄训斥儿童,那么,儿童在语言知识方面多半就会存在缺陷,而且儿童对学习有关语言的作业也会缺乏信心。一个语言知识不足的儿童,学习阅读自然会有困难,Ninio&Brunet(1980)对一对母子做了10个月的观察研究,发现母子交流对儿童语法规则的掌握和句子的阅读有一定的影响。Roser&Martinez(1985)指出双亲在儿童早期阅读能力发展方面具有非常显着的作用。大量的研究证实,对母子间正常交谈的早期剥夺,会使儿童难以获得良好的语言技能。
1. Communicative emotional deprivation. Communicative emotional deprivation refers to the lack of appropriate stimulation necessary for children to acquire language in their environment, so that children cannot master the necessary language skills for reading. For example, in the aspect of mother-child relationship, if the mother is lack of verbal conversation with the child due to her indifference to the child and cold attitude, or scolds the child easily due to her low mood and bad temper, the child will have defects in language knowledge, and the child will also lack confidence in learning related language homework. Ninio & brunet (1980) studied a pair of mothers and children for 10 months, and found that mother-child communication has a certain impact on the mastery of children's grammar rules and sentence reading. Roser & Martinez (1985) pointed out that parents play a very significant role in the development of children's early reading ability. A large number of studies have confirmed that the early deprivation of normal conversation between mother and child will make it difficult for children to acquire good language skills.
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