不定式的复合结构“疑问词+to do”和“for sb to do”,及动名词的复合结构“sb’s doing”也能作主语。例如:
How to make our life longer is a big problem.怎样延长寿命是一个大问题。
For you to swim in this river is dangerous.你在这条河里游泳很危险。(书面常用)
5. it作形式主语
不定式和动名词都可以借助it作形式主语,特别是在一些固定句型中。例如:
It is dangerous for you to swim in this river.(=To swim in this river is dangerous for you./For you to swim in this river is dangerous.)
It is dangerous your swimming in this river.(=Your swimming in this river is dangerous.)
It作形式主语的常用句型:
⑴It is worthwhile/worth while doing sth./to do sth.值得做某事/It is worth one’s while doing sth./to do sth.值得某人做某事。例如:
It is worthwhile praising/to praise him.他值得表扬。
It is worth our while praising/to praise him.他值得我们表扬。
⑵It is worth/interesting/funny/hopeless/no use/much use/no good/much good/useless/a wonder/a waste of time… doing sth.(很少用to do sth)做某事值得等。例如:
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.牛奶打翻了,哭也没有用。/覆水难收。
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