兰格的癌症研究在启动之前必须得到三个人类受试者伦理委员会的批准。这三个机构一个位于墨西哥,一个位于哈佛大学心理学系,南加州大学(University of Southern California, U.S.C.)医学院一度也是其中之一,为兰格的研究招募受试者的肿瘤学家德布·崔帕蒂(Debu Tripathy)直到不久前一直是那里的医学教授。今年6月,当南加州大学的委员会要求他们对所用的语言“稍加改进”后,该项目陷入了停滞。“实验的很多内容对这个世界是离谱的,”当时兰格对我表示。“他们要我增加一份同意书,让受试者签字声明:他们知道该实验对他们没有任何已知的益处。但是,这恰恰引入了一个反安慰剂效应!”(目前该研究需要得到位于休斯敦的得州大学安德森癌症中心[University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center]的伦理委员会的批准,崔帕蒂现在在那里工作。)
Like the men in New Hampshire, Langer’s cancer patients in San Miguel will pass a richly diverting week. In this case, art classes, cooking classes and writing classes will help distract them from the brute dread of their circumstances and re-engage them in life. The terror of late-stage cancer can be as debilitating as the physical reality, Tripathy says. Some sufferers, he says, show symptoms akin to PTSD. There’s strong evidence that the support of other people boosts the quality of life for cancer patients. There’s less evidence that it improves their health prospects.
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